'Supervise' is Latin for 'see from above' — English 'oversee' is an exact Germanic calque of it.
To observe and direct the execution of a task or activity; to oversee workers or a process.
From Medieval Latin 'supervidēre' (to oversee, to look over), from 'super-' (over, above) and 'vidēre' (to see). The PIE root of 'vidēre' is *weyd- (to see, to know — in PIE, seeing and knowing were the same act). This root is astonishingly productive: it gives Latin 'vidēre' and 'visio,' Greek 'oida' (I know — literally I have seen), Sanskrit 'veda' (knowledge — from 'to have seen'), and
English 'oversee' is a direct calque (word-for-word translation) of Latin 'supervidēre' — 'over' translates 'super,' and 'see' translates 'vidēre.' So 'supervise' and 'oversee' are the same word twice: once borrowed from Latin, once translated into Germanic. English does this frequently with Latin compounds.