English 'shogun' comes from Japanese '将軍,' itself from Chinese '將軍' (general), a compound of '将' (commander) and '軍' (army).
The hereditary military dictator of Japan, nominally appointed by the emperor but in practice the supreme ruler of the country during the feudal period.
From Japanese 'shōgun' (将軍), a compound of 'shō' (commander, general; Chinese 將 jiàng) + 'gun' (army, military; Chinese 軍 jūn). The full honorific title was 'sei-i taishōgun' (征夷大将軍, barbarian-subduing great general), first granted by the Japanese emperor to Ōtomo no Otomaro in 794 CE to lead campaigns against the Emishi people of northern Honshu. The title became the de-facto head of military government from 1192, when Minamoto no Yoritomo established
In Chinese chess (xiangqi) and Korean chess (janggi), the king piece is called '将/將' — the same character as the first half of 'shogun.' And when you put the opponent's king in check, you call out 'jiāngjūn!' (将军) in Chinese, literally 'General!' — the same word that became 'shogun' in Japanese.