From PIE *pelh₁- (to fill) — a root so productive it also gave 'fill,' 'plenty,' 'plenary,' 'plethora,' and the suffix '-ful.'
Containing or holding as much or as many as possible; having no empty space; complete in extent or degree.
From Old English 'full,' from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from PIE *plh₁nós meaning 'full,' from the root *pelh₁- meaning 'to fill.' The same PIE root produced Latin 'plēnus' (full), Greek 'plḗrēs' (full), Sanskrit 'pūrṇá' (full), and Lithuanian 'pìlnas' (full). The English word has maintained its core meaning with remarkable stability
'Full' and 'plenary' are cognates from the same PIE root *pelh₁- — 'full' came through Germanic, while 'plenary' came through Latin 'plēnus.' The same root also gave English 'plenty,' 'replete,' 'plethora,' 'plus,' 'surplus,' and even 'folk' (a 'full' group of people, through a different semantic path). The suffix '-ful' in words like 'beautiful' and 'wonderful' is this same word used as a bound morpheme
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