role

/rΙ™ΚŠl/Β·nounΒ·1610sΒ·Established

Origin

Role is from French 'rΓ΄le,' the roll of paper an actor read lines from, ultimately from Latin 'rotulus' (small wheel, scroll).β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€ English borrowed the theatrical sense in the 1610s; the abstract meaning followed in the 19th century.

Definition

An actor's part in a play; a function or position in a system.β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€

Did you know?

Role and roll are the same word. An actor's 'role' was the roll of paper on which their lines were written; English split the spelling later. The 'role you play' is, etymologically, the scroll you read from.

Etymology

Frenchearly 17th centurywell-attested

From French 'rΓ΄le,' meaning the roll of paper on which an actor's lines were written. The French word descends from Old French 'rolle,' itself from Latin 'rotulus' (a small wheel, hence a roll of parchment), a diminutive of 'rota' (wheel). English borrowed 'role' in the 1610s in the theatrical sense, and the abstract meaning of 'a function or position' followed naturally in the 19th century. The English word 'roll' (verb and noun) and 'role' are the same word, divided by spelling: the actor's roll of lines became 'role,' and the rest became 'roll.' Key roots: rota (Latin: "wheel").

Ancient Roots

This Word in Other Languages

rΓ΄le(French)ruolo(Italian)roll(English)

Role traces back to Latin rota, meaning "wheel". Across languages it shares form or sense with French rΓ΄le, Italian ruolo and English roll, evidence of a shared etymological family.

Connections

See also

role on Merriam-Webstermerriam-webster.com
role on Wiktionaryen.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European rootsproto-indo-european.org

Background

The Etymology of Role

Role and roll are the same word, separated only by spelling.β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€ Both descend from Latin 'rotulus,' a diminutive of 'rota' (wheel), referring to a rolled-up piece of parchment. Old French 'rolle' carried both senses, and French 'rΓ΄le' came to mean specifically the scroll on which an actor's lines were written β€” and from there, the part itself. English borrowed the word in the 1610s in this theatrical sense, alongside the existing English 'roll' for any rolled object. By the 19th century 'role' was being used abstractly for any function, position, or part one plays in a system, and the metaphor has been so productive that 'role' is now one of the most common nouns in social-science writing. 'Role-play,' 'role model,' 'gender role' β€” all keep the theatrical metaphor live.

Keep Exploring

Share