The noun 'spring' (water source) comes from Old English 'spring' (a springing forth), from the verb 'springan' (to leap, burst forth) and PIE *sper- — a spring is literally where water 'springs forth' from the earth, the same verbal root behind the season (when plants spring up) and the mechanical coil.
A natural source of water flowing from the ground; a place where water emerges from an underground aquifer to the earth's surface.
From Old English 'spring' or 'spryng' (a springing forth, a source of water), from the verb 'springan' (to leap, burst forth, flow), from Proto-Germanic *springaną, from PIE *sper- or *sperǵʰ- meaning 'to spring, scatter, strew.' The water-source sense comes directly from the verb — a spring is literally a place where water 'springs forth' from the earth. The same verb also gave rise to the season name (when plants 'spring up') and the mechanical device (which springs back). Key
The English word 'spring' covers at least four distinct meanings — a water source, the season, a leap, and a coiled device — all unified by the original verb 'to spring forth.' Place names across England preserve the water-source meaning: Springfield, Springwell, and dozens of villages named for their natural springs.