mystery

/ˈmΙͺs.tΙ™r.i/Β·nounΒ·14th centuryΒ·Established

Origin

Mystery comes from Greek myein meaning 'to close the lips'.β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œ The initiated kept silent about sacred rites on pain of death. A mystery was originally not a puzzle to solve but a secret too dangerous to speak.

Definition

Something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain; a secret religious rite or doctrβ€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œine.

Did you know?

Mystery literally means 'the thing you shut your mouth about'. Greek myein meant 'to close the lips'. Initiates of the Eleusinian Mysteries β€” ancient Athens's most sacred rites β€” swore silence about what they witnessed, on pain of death. Revealing the mysteries was a capital crime. Alcibiades was exiled in 415 BCE partly for allegedly mocking them at a dinner party.

Etymology

Greek14th centurywell-attested

From Anglo-French misterie, from Latin mystΔ“rium, from Greek mystαΈ—rion meaning 'secret rite, secret worship, secret doctrine', from mystΔ“s meaning 'one initiated into the mysteries', from myein meaning 'to close, to shut' β€” specifically, to close the eyes or lips. The initiated were those who had closed their mouths: sworn to secrecy about what they had witnessed. The Eleusinian Mysteries β€” ancient Greece's most sacred rites β€” took their name from this word. Participants were forbidden on pain of death from revealing what happened. The modern sense of 'puzzle' or 'whodunit' is a domestication of something once genuinely dangerous to speak about. Key roots: myein (Greek: "to close, to shut").

Ancient Roots

This Word in Other Languages

mystère(French)misterio(Spanish)Mysterium(German)

Mystery traces back to Greek myein, meaning "to close, to shut". Across languages it shares form or sense with French mystère, Spanish misterio and German Mysterium, evidence of a shared etymological family.

Connections

music
also from Greek
idea
also from Greek
orphan
also from Greek
odyssey
also from Greek
angel
also from Greek
mentor
also from Greek
mystic
related word
mystical
related word
mystify
related word
mysticism
related word
myopia
related word
mystère
French
misterio
Spanish
mysterium
German

See also

mystery on Merriam-Webstermerriam-webster.com
mystery on Wiktionaryen.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European rootsproto-indo-european.org

Background

Origins

A mystery was once something you could be executed for discussing.β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œ The word comes from Greek mystαΈ—rion, meaning 'secret rite', from mystΔ“s ('one initiated'), from myein β€” 'to close'. Specifically: to close the lips.

The Eleusinian Mysteries, held annually near Athens for nearly two thousand years, were the most sacred rites in the Greek world. Initiates witnessed secret ceremonies honouring Demeter and Persephone. What exactly happened inside the Telesterion hall at Eleusis remains unknown β€” because the penalty for revealing it was death. The silence held so well that, despite thousands of participants over centuries, the core ritual was never recorded.

Alcibiades, the Athenian general, was accused in 415 BCE of profaning the mysteries at a private dinner party. The scandal contributed to his exile and the unravelling of Athens's Sicilian expedition.

Latin Roots

Christian theology adopted mystΔ“rium to describe truths beyond human understanding β€” the mystery of the Trinity, the mystery of the Incarnation. Medieval mystery plays took their name from a different word entirely (Latin ministerium, 'ministry'), but the spelling collision merged the two concepts in popular imagination.

The modern detective mystery β€” the whodunit β€” is a gentle echo of the original. Where the Greek mysterion was a secret too sacred to reveal, a modern mystery is a puzzle that begs to be solved.

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