china

Β·1555Β·Established

Origin

China is widely thought to derive from the Qin dynasty (221 BC), passing through Sanskrit CΔ«na and Pβ€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€ersian Čīn before reaching European languages.

Definition

China: the East Asian country; also fine porcelain originally exported from there.β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€

Did you know?

The country and the teacup share a name: porcelain became "china" in English because for two centuries it was imported almost exclusively from there.

Etymology

SanskritSanskrit/Persianwell-attested

Likely from the Qin (秦) dynasty (221–206 BC), the first to unify China, transmitted via Sanskrit CΔ«na into Persian and Greek. Reached English in the 1550s as a name for the country and, by 1630s, for the porcelain it exported. Key roots: QΓ­n (Old Chinese: "Qin dynasty").

Ancient Roots

This Word in Other Languages

Chine(French)Cina(Italian)China(Spanish)

China traces back to Old Chinese QΓ­n, meaning "Qin dynasty". Across languages it shares form or sense with French Chine, Italian Cina and Spanish China, evidence of a shared etymological family.

Connections

See also

china on Merriam-Webstermerriam-webster.com
china on Wiktionaryen.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European rootsproto-indo-european.org

Background

The Etymology of China

The English name China entered the language in the 1550s through Portuguese traders, who picked it uβ€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€p via Persian Čīn and ultimately, most scholars argue, from the Qin (秦) dynasty that first unified the country in 221 BC. Sanskrit CΔ«na is attested in texts from around 150 BC, suggesting the name had already travelled the Silk Road centuries before Europeans encountered it. The derivation is widely accepted but not unanimous β€” some scholars propose alternative roots in the Jin state or in Sanskrit names for distant southern peoples. Around 1630 English began calling fine porcelain "china-ware" and then simply china, since almost all of it was imported from there. By the eighteenth century china had become a generic English word for any porcelain crockery, regardless of origin β€” a rare case of a country-name becoming a common noun for the goods it once monopolised.

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