bistro

/ˈbiː.stroʊ/·noun·1922·Reconstructed

Origin

Bistro entered English in the 1920s from French bistro, attested in Paris around 1884.β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€ The famous Russian-soldier story is folk-etymology; the true root is disputed.

Definition

Bistro: a small, informal restaurant serving moderately priced meals in a modest setting.β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€

Did you know?

The charming tale that bistro comes from Russian soldiers shouting bystro for quick service is almost certainly a 20th-century invention; the word appears in Paris seventy years after they left.

Etymology

Frenchearly 20th centurymultiple theories

From French bistro (also bistrot), first attested in Paris around 1884. The origin is debated. A popular folk-etymology claims it comes from Russian быстро (bystro, quickly) shouted by Russian soldiers occupying Paris in 1814–1815, but this story is unsupported by 19th-century evidence and the word does not appear in print until decades later. Linguists more commonly link it to regional French bistraud or bistingo, terms for a wine-shop or innkeeper of obscure origin. English borrowed it in the 1920s.

This Word in Other Languages

Across languages it shares form or sense with French bistro, French bistrot and German bistro, evidence of a shared etymological family.

Connections

See also

bistro on Merriam-Webstermerriam-webster.com
bistro on Wiktionaryen.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European rootsproto-indo-european.org

Background

The Etymology of Bistro

Bistro is a French loanword for a modest neighbourhood eatery.β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€ The word first turns up in Paris around 1884 referring to a small cafΓ©-restaurant, and English picked it up after the First World War. Its origin is genuinely uncertain. The most repeated tale claims that Russian troops occupying Paris in 1814 demanded service quickly β€” bystro (быстро) in Russian β€” and the word stuck to the cafΓ© counters they patronised. Charming as that is, no Parisian source uses bistro for seventy years afterward, which makes the chronology unworkable; modern lexicographers treat it as folk-etymology. More plausible candidates are regional French bistraud or bistingo, both terms for a small wine-shop or innkeeper, themselves of obscure provenance possibly tied to bistouille (cheap brandy mixed with coffee). The honest answer: we do not know. Bistro is one of those words whose exact paternity has slipped, leaving only its warm aroma of red wine and onion soup.

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