jelly

/ˈdΚ’Ι›l.i/Β·nounΒ·late 14th centuryΒ·Established

Origin

Jelly is from Old French gelee (frost; jelly), past participle of geler (to freeze), from Latin gelu (frost).β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œ The Indo-European root *gel- means cold.

Definition

Jelly: a soft, semi-solid food made by setting fruit juice or stock with gelatine; in American Engliβ€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œsh, also a sweet fruit spread.

Did you know?

English jelly, gel, gelatin, congeal, and even glacier all descend from one Indo-European root *gel- meaning cold or to freeze.

Etymology

Latin via Old Frenchlate 14th centurywell-attested

From Old French gelee (a frost; a jelly), the past participle of geler (to freeze, to congeal), from Latin gelāre (to freeze), from gelu (frost, cold). English borrowed jelly in the late 14th century in both senses β€” a thin frost on the ground, and a chilled congealed dish. The Latin gelu descends from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (cold, to freeze), the same root behind English cold and German kalt. The food sense β€” savoury aspic and sweet fruit jelly alike β€” depends on the same chemistry of setting, and the metaphor lines up neatly. Key roots: *gel- (Proto-Indo-European: "cold").

Ancient Roots

This Word in Other Languages

gelΓ©e(French)gelatina(Italian)gelatina(Spanish)

Jelly traces back to Proto-Indo-European *gel-, meaning "cold". Across languages it shares form or sense with French gelΓ©e, Italian gelatina and Spanish gelatina, evidence of a shared etymological family.

Connections

See also

jelly on Merriam-Webstermerriam-webster.com
jelly on Wiktionaryen.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European rootsproto-indo-european.org

Background

The Etymology of Jelly

Jelly is the cold of an Indo-European winter on a Sunday tea-table.β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œβ€‹β€Œβ€‹β€β€‹β€Œ The English noun comes through Old French gelee β€” meaning both a frost on the grass and a chilled, congealed dish β€” which is the past participle of geler (to freeze). That verb descends from Latin gelāre (to freeze), from gelu (frost, cold). Both the frost meaning and the food meaning entered English in the late 14th century, and writers used jelly for either: a winter frost or a quivering dish of set juices. The food sense quickly dominated. The Latin gelu traces back to Proto-Indo-European *gel- (cold, to freeze), one of the most prolific roots in the language family. Its descendants in English include cold (a direct Germanic descendant), gel, gelatin (and the chemical gelation), congeal, glacial, and glacier; in German kalt; in Russian Ρ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ (kholod). When you eat a jelly today, you are putting on your spoon a tiny piece of Indo-European cold β€” softened, sweetened, and suspended in fruit.

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