cream

·1300·Established

Origin

Cream comes from Old French cresme, a blend of two Late Latin words: chrisma (anointing oil, from Gr‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌eek) and cramum (a Gaulish word for skim).

Definition

Cream: the rich fatty layer that rises to the top of milk; or any thick smooth substance of similar ‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌consistency.

Did you know?

Cream shares a deep root with Christ — both descend from the Greek verb khriein, to anoint. The fatty top of milk and the title of the Messiah meet in a single word.

Etymology

Old FrenchMiddle Englishwell-attested

From Old French cresme (12th century), itself a blended form: Late Latin chrisma (sacred oil for anointing, from Greek khrisma) merged with cramum, a probably Gaulish word for skim or cream. The two converged in early medieval French. Adopted into English around 1300. Key roots: khriein (Greek: "to anoint"), cramum (Gaulish (via Late Latin): "skim, top of milk").

Ancient Roots

This Word in Other Languages

chrism(English)Christ(English)crème(French)

Cream traces back to Greek khriein, meaning "to anoint", with related forms in Gaulish (via Late Latin) cramum ("skim, top of milk"). Across languages it shares form or sense with English chrism, English Christ and French crème, evidence of a shared etymological family.

Connections

See also

cream on Merriam-Webstermerriam-webster.com
cream on Wiktionaryen.wiktionary.org
Proto-Indo-European rootsproto-indo-european.org

Background

The Etymology of Cream

Cream has one of the strangest etymologies in everyday English: it is a blend of two completely unrelated source words that converged in early medieval French.‌​‍​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‌​‌​‌​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌​‍​‌​‍​‌​‌​‌​‌​‌ One source is Late Latin chrisma, from Greek khrisma — the consecrated oil used in baptism and anointing, from the verb khriein (to anoint). This is the same root that gives English Christ (the anointed one) and chrism. The other source is cramum, a Gaulish (Celtic) word that Late Latin borrowed for the skim or fatty top of milk. In Old French, the two words pulled together into cresme, which carried both senses — sacred oil and dairy cream — for centuries. English borrowed the word around 1300 in the dairy sense only, while Church Latin kept chrisma for the religious meaning, giving English the separate word chrism. So cream and Christ are distant linguistic cousins. Modern French still spells the dairy form as crème. The figurative cream of the crop — the best part — preserves the old idea of cream as the richest top layer.

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